Abstract
Diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidaemia, as well as cardiovascular diseases in general, have become an increasing social and economic problem in developed countries. Hops contain Xanthohumol (XN), a chalcone within a group of prenylated phenols. Used alone, it has recently shown promising results in the management of these individual conditions and we have therefore undertaken a review and assessed the evidence for XN as a food supplement in this setting.
Materials and Methods: A PubMed and Cochrane search was performed for the terms: xanthohumol; hyperlipidaemia; obesity; type 2 diabetes mellitus. All relevant articles published over the last 15 years were considered for this review.
Results: A total of 39 papers were considered and 18 papers met the criteria for review and these included both in vitro and in vivo (including animal) studies. The studies suggest that XN improves high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and optimise cholesterol transport, thus having a protective effect against atherosclerosis. Furthermore, XN might exert an anti-obesity effect by decreasing adipogenesis and inducing lipolysis. Finally, XN might also prevent insulin resistance and modulate glucose metabolic pathways.
Conclusion: In vitro and in vivo studies (predominantly animal studies) showed promising results for XN in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidaemia, obesity and T2DM. However, further studies in humans are required to draw more robust conclusions.
doi: 10.17756/jocd.2019-023
Citation: Rossi RE, Whyand T, Caplin ME. 2019. Benefits of Xanthohumol in Hyperlipidaemia, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review. J Obes Chronic Dis 3(1): 14-18.
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